What effects does group polarization have on opinions?

Group polarization refers to the phenomenon whereby discussions within a group lead to an enhancement of the group's prevailing attitudes or opinions. When individuals with similar viewpoints come together, their collective discussion often results in opinions that are more extreme than those held by any of the individuals prior to the group interaction.

The correct answer highlights that group polarization can result in members adopting more extreme positions. This occurs due to several factors: individuals often feel validated when they hear reaffirming arguments from others, and the desire to fit in can push members toward stronger stances. With the reinforcement of similar opinions, individuals may become more confident in their positions, effectively shifting the group’s overall stance to a more radical viewpoint.

In contrast, some other choices, like the idea that group polarization leads to more moderate opinions or has no impact, misrepresent the dynamics of group behavior. Similarly, the notion that it promotes consensus among members misses the essence of polarization, which often leads to divergence rather than agreement. Therefore, group polarization primarily pushes individuals toward more extreme opinions, linking their thoughts and decisions to the collective sentiment of the group.